| 章小花,陈松,陈君.医院细菌感染分布及耐药分析[J].浙江中西医结合杂志,2016,26(5): |
| 医院细菌感染分布及耐药分析 |
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| 投稿时间：2015-12-22 修订日期：2016-01-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 细菌 微生物敏感性试验 细菌耐药监测 |
| 英文关键词:bacterial Microbial sensitivity tests Surveillance of bacterial resistance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究我院细菌感染分布及耐药性。方法 收集我院2015年1月-9月临床分离致病菌,细菌鉴定和药敏试验采用VITEK compact系统,以WHONET5.6软件进行数据分析。结果共计分离6213株细菌,其中革兰阳性菌株占28.1%,革兰阴性菌株占66.6%,葡萄菌属占15.8%,肠球菌属11.9%,肠杆菌科细菌占44.8%,非发酵菌占21.4%。最常见细菌依次为大肠埃希菌(17.3%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(13.3%)、铜绿假单胞菌(8.3%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(7.6%)、屎肠球菌(5.9%)。耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)占33.6%,所有金黄色葡萄球菌中没有对万古霉素、利奈唑胺耐药的菌株。粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对万古霉素极敏感,敏感率分别为100%％和90.9％。产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌分别占46.8%和32.3%。大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南的敏感率可达99％,肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南的敏感率仅有92.0％。铜绿假单孢菌对碳青霉烯类的亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率接近30%,多重耐药率(MDR)为12.4%。鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率高达50%以上,多重耐药率达到30.5%。结论 所分离细菌的耐药较为普遍,加强耐药性监测,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物十分重要。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial pathogens from Janurary 2015 to September 2015 in hosptal. Methods Identifieation and susceptibility was detected by VITEK compact system．WHONET5.6 software was used to analyze the data．Results A total of 6213 clinical isolates were collected．Gram negative bacilli and gram positive cocci accounted for 66.6% and 28.1% respectively. Staphylococcus was 15.8%,Enterococcus was 11.9%,enterobacteriaceae was 44.8%,non - fermentive bacterial was 21.4%。The top five pathogens included Escherichia coli(17.3%)。Klebsiella pneumoniae(13.3%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(8.3%),Acinetobacter baumannii(7.6%)and Enterococcus faecium(5.9%).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was 33.6%,All Staphylococci isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and Linezolid. The susceptible rates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin were 100% and 90.0%,respectively. ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 46.8% in Escherichia coli and 32.3% in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Isolates of Escherichia coli were still highly sensitive to imipenem, susceptible rates was 99%, but susceptible rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem was 92.0%. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to imipenem and meropenem were 30% approachablely, multiple drug resistant was 12.4%. The resistance rates of Acinetobacert baumannii strains to the above carbapenems were >50% , multiple drug resistant was 30.5%. Conclusion Surveillance data of bacterial resistance is most important and valuable for the guidance of rational selection of antimicrobial agents in hospital. |
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